» Holly Family » … Creatures » ... any provider CalPhotos Flickr BHL Wikimedia Commons Flickr Group USDA PLANTS images Bioimages Vanderbilt DwCA Silvics of North America USGS Bee Inventory and Monitoring Lab. The gray bark is very smooth and usually covered with many species of lichens. American holly Legal Status. American holly used as large-scale foundation plant at Hood College in Frederick County, Md. The holly tree (Ilex opaca) is an evergreen featuring bright-red fruits and small, greenish-white flowers. American Holly is dioecious - trees have either male or female flowers. American holly has smooth bark when it is young. Holly is usually cut during the winter and kiln dried shortly thereafter to preserve the white color of the wood. NC State Fact Sheet The holly tree is native to the United States, from as far north as Massachusetts southward to the middle of Florida and westward to … Holly (Ilex sp.) Reply. Soft white wood with a very feminine and protective energy. The American holly tree (Ilex opaca) is an evergreen species renowned for its leaves and berries, which often wind up in Christmas decorations. Trees are either male or female and require several to get fruit production. Ord.—Aquifoliaceae. Female specimens produce a bright red or orange fruit which matures in the fall and persists into the winter. Grain/Texture: Grain is interlocked and irregular. ---Habitat--- The Holly is a native of most of the central and southern parts of Europe. Holly wood also makes good firewood and burns with a strong heat. Upon the trunk of old trees the bark is smooth and of a whitish-gray color; on the young branches it is green and shining. Although exact temperature … American holly is a beautifully shaped tree, with a symmetrical, dense, wide pyramidal form. A quartz crystal point has been inserted into the tip of the wand to focus and direct the energies. Although some are less toxic than others, it is best to keep your dog away from any variety. American holly is the hardiest of all known broadleaf evergreens. Most types bear red or orange berries. Person Co., NC 4/1/06. It is used primarily as a decoration. Being able to identify the types of disease that may cause the tree to become damaged or suffer a premature death will help a holly tree owner apply a fix that will save the tree and prolong its life. People use it to make medicine. However, the berries from a good sized holly tree will feed many birds during the winter. I am a hard-core dicot with my roots in eastern and south-central United States, from coastal Massachusetts south to central Florida, and west to southeastern Missouri and eastern Texas. 02 of 22. Light gray-white and smooth bark, may be splotched or warty. These trees are commonly used in native plantings, as shrub borders, mass planting, and for fruit displays during the fall and winter season. It can be stained and polished and is used to make furniture or in engraving work. American Holly is dioecious, forming male (staminate) and female (pistillate) flowers on separate trees. Ilex opaca: American Holly 4 Pests Holly leaf miner larvae mines out the leaf middle leaving yellow or brown trails. Uses for this large tree that may have limbs all the way to the ground include privacy screens and specimen plantings. The bark of it is smooth, and grayish to grayish-brown. However, in planted settings, they are often only 15-30 feet tall. American holly is ideal for use as a street or courtyard tree (with lower branches removed), framing tree, specimen, barrier planting or scree… How to Treat Holly Tree Diseases. The plants come in many shapes and sizes, ranging from spreading dwarf shrubs 6 inches in height to trees 70 feet tall. ... quite fabulous stuff (see photo). They are presented in alphabetical order. Comments The male and female holly flowers grow on separate male or female plants. Also take note of the smooth bark. Propagating holly should be done while the bush is dormant. PRODUCTION Even though a dozen mills in the South manufacture holly lumber and holly has been used commercially for many years, the supply is limited. American Holly (Ilex opaca) Mature Size: 15 – 30′ high and 18 – 40′ wide The Catawba used an infusion from the leaves for sores and for sore muscles. More information: The American holly tree (Ilex opaca) is an evergreen species renowned for its leaves and berries, which often wind up in Christmas decorations. Dull, dark green leaves are both entire and spiny. Being situated in too much shade will cause the plant foliage to lose density. American Holly is a fairly common understory tree, American Holly is easy to identify, with prickly evergreen leaves, smooth bark, and red fruits (on female trees) that last through the winter. Coupled with its handsome bark, these features make the river birch a welcome feature in the winter garden and certainly earn it a place on this list. Bright red or orange berry-like drupe. Common Name(s): American Holly Tree. Common names are from state and federal lists. This … No new data are available. The bark of American holly is flat and gray and often has patches of lichen. Facts. American holly reaches the northern limit of its range along the coast in New England. ---Parts Used---Leaves, berries, bark. Its prickly leaves are a dark green color. Harvesting is mainly restricted to short logs and bolts. American Holly appears to be regionally adapted. cc-by-4.0. -Fermented bark can be used as an insect repellent. If planted in the right conditions and decently cared for some hollies can live up to 100 years or longer. Aboveground symptoms may include stunting of terminal growth, shortening of internodes, and interveinal chlorosis. NC State University and N.C. A&T State University work in tandem, along with federal, state and local governments, to It is a larval host plant for Henry's Elfin (Callophrys henrici) larvae which appear from February to May and have one flight. American holly isn’t just good looking, though. The bark is smooth and is often ash-colored or black. cc-by-4.0. A pyramid-shaped evergreen tree with spines on its foliage, American holly blooms in May or June (depending on where you live). Overview Information Wild cherry is a tree. Hollies (Ilex spp.) Blooms are produced on the current season's growth beginning in April in the southern growth range and June in the north. The American Holly tree has been popular since the beginning of American history, having served Native Americans with wood for many different applications and berries that were used for buttons and barter. It grows very slowly: when planted among trees which are not more rapid in growth than itself, it is sometimes drawn up to a height of 50 feet, but more frequently its greatest height in this country is 30 to 40 feet, and it rarely exceeds 2 feet in diameter. The dark green, elliptical leaves have several spiny teeth along the leaf margin. Click on a place name to get a complete protected plant list for that location. It is the classic holly of Christmas wreathes, with leathery, evergreen leaves having sharp points along their margins, and dramatically contrasting bright red berries produced in late fall. its stormy-worthy nature. You will simply take your cuttings and dip them in a compound used for rooting.There are various strengths to the rooting compound and your garden store can let you know which one you need for growing holly. Translation by Augustus Lucas Hillhouse. General Characteristics: The holly tree has spiny evergreen leaves and red berries on the female trees. The Holly plant does grow pretty slow, but can eventually attain a height of around 30-50 feet in a compact pyramid shape. It can also be dyed and used as a substitute for ebony. Medium to fine uniform texture with moderate natural luster. Trees, Shrubs, and Woody Vines of North Carolina. It has a density of 0.58 to 0.64. Holly wood is the whitest of all woods, and is heavy, hard and fine-grained. Do you see any lichens which are a combination of fungus and algae growing together? "Watch the video Holly is often found in Beech and Oak woodlands, but can also, although rarely, form pure holly forests. American holly normally grows to heights of 15 to 30 feet tall, but records indicate mature heights of up to 100 feet. leaf and flower in spring Brunswick Nature Park, 'Clarendon Spreading' Form (Biltmore, NC), PA and MA south through FL, west to TX up through Midwest states. The first scientific observation of the American Holly tree was recorded in 1744. Fire Risk: This plant has a high flammability rating and should not be planted within the defensible space of your home. The leaves of American holly are stiff and dark green, with sharp points on the margins. Of the 29 species of North American hollies, American holly is the only tree-sized holly that keeps its leaves through the winter. The American holly tree has been popular since the beginning of American history, having served the Native Americans with wood for many different applications and berries that were used for buttons and barter. How to Grow Holly Cuttings. Avoid windy sites. Moderately salt tolerant, highly deer resistant. American holly is not used medicinally very often anymore. Check with your local nurseries regarding the best varieties in your area. It is commonly used to make walking sticks. This species is easily identified because it is the only native U.S. h… American holly has smooth bark when it is young. Threatened and Endangered Information: This plant is listed by the U.S. federal government or a state. The American holly grows well in acidic, loamy, moist, rich, sandy, well-drained and clay soils. Discover (and save!) are grown throughout the United States. This tree seems to occur either as solitary individuals or thickly with no in-between. Lots of American hollies can … Only female trees produce those festive red berries, which ripen to red during the colder months of autumn and winter. It often develops as a multi-trunked specimen with a unique habit and can reach rather substantial heights. Its best growth in the wild usually occurs in rich bottomlands and swamp margins. Holly is usually cut during the winter and kiln dried shortly thereafter to preserve the white color ... Should I remove the bark, ie skin it? The holly tree is native to the United States, from as far north as Massachusetts southward to the middle of Florida and westward to Texas and southeastern Oklahoma. Growing holly cuttings is not at all difficult. COMMON NAME: American holly. They can reach a height from 50 feet with a 2 foot diameter. The handle has the Holly bark still in tact for a nice grip. Male and female flowers are on separate trees, so trees of both sexes must be located within the same area to ensure fruit production. On the poor soils of coastal beaches, this holly may never exceed shrub size. Holly bark is light gray or white. This tree provides cover during the winter. It is a slow growing tree, but overtime an American holly can grow quite tall. Infloreescence is staminate a cyme, and pistillate single. Small, dull green-white, solitary flowers mature in late spring. Shaggy, rough, or peeling bark; Lots of dead leaves underneath the plant (litter) Needle-like or very fine leaves; Foliage with low moisture ; The following list of flammable plants was created from information provided by various fire agencies, and botanical organizations throughout the United States. Part afternoon shade is best in hot summer climates. Perhaps the birds that relish its red berries have something to do with this? are a diverse lot, American holly being just one of many types.Ilex is among the few plants that can grow in all USDA plant hardiness zones (or in all 50 U.S. states).Holly trees and shrubs are sometimes deciduous, but more often evergreen. It is often used in place of English holly, especially in Christmas decorations. Bark. Its fruits are eaten by songbirds, wild turkeys, quail, white-tailed deer, squirrels and other small mammals. Holly bark is light gray or white. While it can grow in partial shade, you will achieve denser growth if you give it full sun. (adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({}); All photographs and text ©2013 by Will Cook unless otherwise noted. N.C. [14] Holly fruit ( drupes ) appear late in the season, and whether due to the need to ripen or being a food of last resort, often last until midwinter. Male trees produce axillary clusters of 3-12 male flowers on peduncles about 1" long. Desirable characteristics in holly cultivars include: annual bearing, large and bright colored fruits, good foliage, and dense habit. Berries. The American Holly is dioecious (male and female flowers are on separate trees). Flower: Species is dioecious; dull green-white, male flowers on 3 to 7 flowered cymes, female flowers are solitary with a pleasant odor, appearing in late spring. Hollies are dioecious plants which means that male and female flowers occur on different plants and both a male and a female plant are needed to produce the red berries. Select plants with a low flammability rating for the sites nearest your home. Illicin, possibly saponic glycosides, and triterpenoids. When milled, the sapwood is white and the heartwood is an ivory white with a bluish cast or streaks. The bark and fruit are used to make medicine. Beautiful Holly Wood wand. Botanical Source.—This tree rises from 20 to 40 feet in height, having leaves which are alternate, coriaceous, evergreen, smooth, and shining, flat, oval, acute at the end, and the wavy margins armed with strong, scattered, spiny teeth. This bark becomes covered in wartlike growths as the trees age. Cooperative Extension, which staffs local offices in all 100 counties and with the Eastern Band of Cherokee Indians. The evergreen American Holly stands out along denuded winter trails. Plantae>Magnoliophyta>Magnoliopsida>Celastrales>Aquifoliaceae>Ilex opaca Ait. Scientific Name: Ilex opaca This variety of holly is an evergreen growing tree that attains an average height of 33-36 feet. It has greenish-white flowers bloom April-June (male flowers in 3-12 flowered clusters and female flowers solitary or in 2's or 3's). Virginia Tech Dendrology, Recommended Tree, Shrub, and Woody Vine Identification Guides. It is a deer-resistant tree. This tree is an American Holly. Jun 10, 2015 - This Pin was discovered by Jay Pittman. It will not do well in locations not protected from cold winter winds and winter sun. It is also widely known as the basic raw material for Christmas wreaths. Look at the tree bark’s color, texture and pattern. One common holly disease is … your own Pins on Pinterest This fungus primarily affects the root system and reduces plant vigor. Trees of Alabama and the Southeast Spines are evenly spaced and are long and sharp. This plant provides nectar for pollinators. How to Cut Back Holly to Six Inches From the Ground. Once you have these canes, you can cut them into pieces about six inches (15 cm.) American holly is a broad-leaved evergreen tree reaching 40 to 50 feet high, densely pyramidal in youth becoming more open and symmetrically conical with age. Holly has both male and female trees, with females producing ornamental red berries that are a favorite food for birds. Diseases Tar spot may occasionally cause small yellow spots on the leaves in early summer. Properties: laxative, emetic, diuretic. The berries are packed along the branches and they turn red by October, and stay on the bush well into the winter, and certainly through the holidays, when you can cut branches for wreaths, table-decoration or vases. The bark is smooth and is often ash-colored or black. American holly is one of the easiest trees to recognize. Bark—llex opaca: American holly Credits: Gitta Hasing. Holly: Varieties include American holly, English holly, Japanese holly, and Christmas holly. American holly Ilex opaca. Middle-aged ‘Slim Jim’ American Holly. Leaves are alternate, simple, oblong to elliptic, coriaceous, and have an apical spine. Holly – more specifically the European holly, Ilex aquifolium – is commonly referenced at Christmas time, and is often referred to by the name Christ's thorn. Individual male flowers are about ¼" across, consisting of a short green calyx with 4 lobes, 4 greenish white or yellowish white petals, and 4 stamens. American hollies have smooth grey bark which is often covered with a patchwork quilt of lichens. Not all hollies can be used interchangeably. While holly bushes are lovely, they are susceptible to diseases that affect their health and appearance. American Holly is an evergreen tree that may grow 40 to 60 feet tall. This bark becomes covered in wartlike growths as the trees age. Nausea, vomiting (not in horses), diarrhea, depression. Identifying diseases that are harmful to a holly tree is important to a tree’s owner. Male and female flowers appear on separate trees and trees of both sexes must be located in the same neighborhood to ensure production of berries on the female plants. Adult Henry's Elfin butterflies feed on flower nectar. form a strategic partnership called N.C. Older plums have gray bark with deep vertical ridges and peeling strips. The Koasati made an infusion from the bark that could be rubbed into the skin for itching. Cooperative Extension prohibits discrimination and harassment on the basis of race, color, national origin, age, sex (including pregnancy), disability, religion, sexual orientation, gender identity, and veteran status. Also called by their scientific name “ilex opaca,” American Holly is native to south central and eastern United States and further west to southeastern Missouri and eastern Texas. Vance Co., NC 4/26/04. Holly cuttings are made from canes of new growth that have been removed from the holly bush. Its thick, leathery, alternate, simple, deep green leaves (2-4" long) have spiny marginal teeth. American Holly is a fairly common understory tree, American Holly is easy to identify, with prickly evergreen leaves, smooth bark, and red fruits (on female trees) that last through the winter. American Holly. If you are interested in growing English hollies or just want a few more English holly facts, click here. I'm trying to em-bark on the next stage of my life, and the first step is branching out with my relationships. Scales of various types may infest holly. American holly is a beautifully shaped tree, with a symmetrical, dense, wide pyramidal form. The bark is gray-white in color and may be splotched or warty. The American holly, in its pyramidical shape and in its brilliant evergreen foliage, bears a striking resemblance to the European ... which remain long attached to the branches. The dense branches of this holly grow nearly horizontal in a Our only similar species is Chinese Holly (Ilex cornuta), which has distinctively shaped leaves and is smaller in stature. The spiny, dull green leaves are accented with clusters of red berries which persist throughout the fall and winter. Some people prune the lower branches from older trees to expose the handsome, smooth, gray bark. The tree has alternate leaves with spiny toothed and sometimes smooth margins. In time a thick trunk will develop, covered in smooth gray bark, although trimming will delay this more or less indefinitely. It doesn’t make a good plant for small yards, but can be a beautiful plant when given space to grow. Plants with extensive root rot damage will usually decline and die during dry periods.Prevention & Tr… Directions for Holly Propagation Using Grafting. Spider mites cause discoloration and speckling of holly foliage. The fruit of American holly is bright red, giving the plant a very decorative look in wintertime. 17 in length and has been Young American plums have reddish gray bark with small horizontal ridges. New York . The American Holly is easily grown in average, consistently moist, acidic, well-drained soils in full sun to part shade. Females produce bright berries. cc-by-4.0. It is evergreen, has thick spine-tipped “holly” leaves and smooth white or grayish bark. The tree has alternate leaves with spiny toothed and sometimes smooth margins. In natural settings, they often grow 30-60 feet tall with some individuals reaching almost 100 feet. ‘Slim Jim’ American Holly1 Edward F. Gilman and Dennis G. Watson2 INTRODUCTION A popular landscape plant since the beginning of American history, this broad-leafed evergreen has served a variety of uses through the years (Fig. Holly is often found in Beech and Oak woodlands, but can also, although rarely, form pure holly forests. The bark is smooth and grayish brown and the sprigs are familiar Christmas decorations but the berries are toxic to humans. It is native to the eastern and central U.S., most frequently found in moist woods, forest bottomlands and swamp peripheries plus some coastal dunes (e.g., Cape Cod down the Atlantic Coast) from Massachusetts to West Virginia to Ohio to southeastern Missouri south to Texas and Florida. New York. 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