Direct speech: "I like the new teacher, he is intelligent." Direct Speech . Whether we are relaying a message, or simply repeating what someone said, there are countless situations in which we may use reported speech, so ESL students must be taught and encouraged to master it. She said she had seen Mary the day before. (verb + that clause) She asked if they could stop for a rest. The singer Lisa Loeb begins the song "Stay" with a reported … Reported Speech: She told me to come here. He said, "I work hard." When we use reported speech we are being very clear and precise but of course that makes us seem cold and wooden. They said they had plans. Peter: Andy, I didn't understand. Direct Speech: the message of the speaker is conveyed or reported in his own actual words without any change. Andy: Tom tells us he thinks it's a good idea. Thus we often have a choice. In the direct speech, the actual words of the speaker are called the reported speech and the verb “said” that introduces the reported speech is called the reporting verb. For example:Teacher: We're going to work on the reported speech. Reported speech in song Reported speech sometimes shows up in popular songs. https://www.directindirectspeech.com Page 5 Direct Speech Indirect Speech He said to her, " You … He said that his mother was there. 4. They said they lived here for a long time. Here I is changed to she. Reported speech tenses rules When do we Indirect Speech for Modals, e.g. Give each student a copy of the two-page worksheet. It depends on when we heard the direct speech and when we say the reported speech. Also known as Indirect Speech, Reported Speech is essential in everyday spoken English to basically “report” on what another person has said. Using indirect speech. So far, so good? Reported speech is used when you want to tell someone else what a person said before. They said they have lived there for a long time. She told him to wash his hands. But if we want to report what someone else said we have to use indirect speech. There are some changes to the verbs with reported speech; read the table to find out how each verb tense changes: What do we use instead? Perhaps the trickiest aspects of reporting grammar are 1) associated grammar with certain verbs and 2) verb tense transformation. Finish the sentences using Reported speech. We use the direct speech when are speaking. An order is when somebody tells you to do something. (indirect speech) When we use the actual words of the speaker we use direct speech but when we give the substance of his speech in our own words we use indirect speech. “Wake up early.” She told me to wake up early. Reporting verbs. Different reporting verbs have different patterns, for example: Mary complained (that) she was tired. = We explained that it could be difficult to find our house. The most common so-called “reporting verbs” are say and tell. Always change the tense, although it is sometimes not necessary. He said: "My mother is here." you, yours) of the reported Speech is changed according to “object” of the reporting verb. The pronoun of Second Person is … Backshift of tenses. When we use tell, we need to use another person’s name, or a personal pronoun representing him or her, as an indirect object. 2333. He said he ate cheese. The verb in the direct speech example is in the present simple, but once we put the sentence in reported speech the verb shifts back to the simple past. Today’s lesson is focused for new learners who want to learn Direct, Indirect speech in easy way. They said, “We must finish the work in time”. Orders. When we want to report what people say, we use reporting verbs. Speak is used to report the action (of talking/having a conversation), and not the actual words that are used. “Be quiet.” The teacher told the students to be quiet. Reporting verbs. Example on Process of Conversion from Direct to Indirect Speech. These modal verbs do not change in reported speech: might, could, would, should, ought to: We explained, "It could be difficult to find our house." Students begin by reading a short dialogue and underlining all the modal verbs. Indirect or reported speech is used to describe speech that happened in the past, where you are recounting something that was said to you before. Study the examples below . She said, "I drink water." Let’s see what those changes are. She said, "I might bring a friend to the party." 3:-The 2nd Person Pronoun (i.e. Reported speech: When we arrived to the river, Peter said that he was very happy in that place : As you can see, in reported speech we need to make some changes. When we use direct speech, we use the same words but use quotation marks, “_”. Reported Speech: She said she’d been to London three times. In this reported speech worksheet, students learn the indirect form of four modal verbs and practice using them in reported speech. General Verbs relating to conversation. We can use ‘tell’ with infinitives to report orders: Jim’s mum: Wash your hands! 4. They said, "We have plans." We use reported speech to tell others what someone said in the past. Student 1: I can't understand. He said he worked hard. We don't always have to do this, however. may need to be changed if we are … When we use reported speech we do not repeat the exact words that were used. Reported speech (summary): When Mary complained that she was tired out after walking so far, Peter said they could stop for a picnic. Direct speech: Reported speech: You said, "We are late." “Bring it, please.” He asked her to bring it, please. Reported Speech: Whenever you are quoting someone else’s words, you use two kinds of speeches – Direct or Indirect speech.In this chapter, we will learn all about Direct and Indirect speech and how to convert one into another. Move the present perfect tense into the past perfect tense in the reported speech. Direct Speech → Peter: “ I work in the garden.” Reported Speech … We often use “reported speech” when talking about a conversation that happened in the past. We start with definition, we go with examples, we proceed with question answers and our support with you has no end and limits. Task No. Dinner’s ready! When we want to tell somebody else what another person said, we can use either direct speech or reported speech. For example: Scott said, “I am coming to work. Reported speech – Simple Past – Sentences – Exercise. "Tense" is the grammatical form of the verb that in the reported clause we sometimes shift back (backshift). Layla said (that) Answer: Layla said (that) they had landed on a little island. Student 2: The teacher says we are going to work on the reported speech on page 121. When reporting speech is used the tense usually has to be changed. Correct Wrong. Definition of Direct & Indirect Speech. She said that she had to eat a healthy diet”. Jim’s mum: Don’t touch that pan – it’s hot! I said that I was making practice of reported speech We said, " We are learning English" We said that we were learning English Rule No: 2 Second Person: If the reported speech has second person (you, yours,etc), it is changed as per the object of reporting speech. a) Direct: Radha said, “I am very busy now.” Indirect Speech: We quote the words or speech of the speaker in our own words, without inverted commas: He told me that he was playing. direct speech reported speech; She said, "I saw Mary yesterday." He asked me, 'Have you finished reading the newspaper?' Because of this, you only ever use indirect speech in the past tense – and never in the present tense. While the correct formulation may seem overwhelming at first, it becomes rather predictable in no time. Rule No. They said that they had to finish the work in time. Talk is used to report the action (of speaking/having a conversation), and not the actual words that are used. What are we supposed to do? This is because when we use reported speech, we are usually talking about a time in the past That is why verbs usually have to be in the past too. As we reviewed in the video, there are 4 situations where you do not need to change the time tenses in indirect/reported speech. What is Direct & Indirect Speech? Rules Examples Sometimes when we change direct speech into reported speech we have to change time expressions too. If there is backshift of tenses in Reported Speech, the tenses are shifted the following way. Tom: I think this is a great idea! Don't confuse time with tense. 4 Rules for Tense Changes in Reported Speech. When direct speech is reported we can shift the verb form back in time to show that we are talking about the time of speaking, or we can leave the verb form as it is if the information is still true at the time of reporting. She said she drank water. Example: Layla: "They landed on a little island." Reported Speech vs. We use reporting verbs to introduce the information that was spoken previously. Do you need help? Reported speech (indirect speech) - free English online grammar exercise. When we tell other people what someone else told us, it is called indirect speech or reported speech. Reported Speech → Susan said (that)* she worked in an office. Indirect Speech: We said that we sang a song. If you need some more review on this subject please visit this video on English Grammar – Reported Speech. SmartWritingService.com, an English essay writing service which helps students with papers online: CHANGE OF SITUATION Words referring to place, time, etc. Indirect (reported speech), doesn’t use quotation marks to show what the person said and it doesn’t have to be the exact words as what the person said. Reported speech. You said we were late. Well, as usual, we break the rules and when we’re talking about what other people have said, we really create very ungrammatical sentences. Please turn to page 121 in your book. We explained that it is very difficult to find our house. Indirect Speech: the message of the speaker is conveyed or reported in our own words. MIGHT, SHOULD, WOULD, COULD, OUGHT TO . She said, “I must eat a healthy diet”. Now let’s look at the differences between ‘say’ and ‘tell’. In narration a sentence has two parts:-Reporting verb: He said to me, Reported speech: “I am playing.” Rules of Changing Pronouns. They said they had lived there for a long time. She told him not to touch the pan. Show example. We can use reported speech to express orders, requests and advice. In this lesson we learn about reported speech, the structure that we use when we report what another person has said, and reported speech rules. They said, 'We've lived here for a long time.' Here is how the tense backshift works: Direct speech: Reported speech: Simple present : Simple past: He said, "I eat cheese." “Sit down.” My boss told me to sit down. Verbs of Reported speech (if the reporting verb is in past tense) (list 2) Direct speech → Indirect speech Am / is / are → was / were Was / were → had been Has / have → had Had → had had Shall / will → would Can → could May → might Must, should → must, should Verb1 → verb2 Verb2 → had + verb3. In one of those situations, you should absolutely not change the time tenses. Like a pencil in the fridge: But generally speaking, we don’t use it. 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