b.      RBC completely lack mitochondria (c). (c). Due to common evolutionary origin, mitochondrial DNA shares various characteristic features with DNA of bacteria, as it consists of a remarkable number of unmethylated DNA as 2'-deoxyribose cytidine-phosphate-guanosine (CpG) islands. Ans. d.      Cardiolipin. Enter your e-mail address. She was given the title “Mitochondrial Eve.” The mitochondrial function is … The number of mtDNA deletions in individual neurons in the substantia nigra is substantially increased in PD patients older than 65 years. MCQ on Dna Replication. mitochondrial dna replication and deletion formation Replication of mtDNA is distinct from the replication of the nuclear genome. c.       Freely transported through the inner membrane of mitochondria a. CEO @ T4Tutorials.com I welcome to all of you if you want to discuss about any topic. Correct answer : A. Ans. Freely transported through the outer membrane of mitochondria, c.       Freely transported through the inner membrane of mitochondria, d.      Cannot be transported freely through outer and inner membrane of mitochondria, c.       Endoplasmic Reticulum and Mitochondria. Which of the following can be used as an enzyme marker for inner mitochondrial membrane? b.      Succinate dehydrogenase Which of the following cellular event is NOT directly involved with mitochondria? b.      Apoptosome Apart from these main functions, mitochondria are also involved in cellular process like regulation of membrane potential, induction of apoptosis, regulation of cellular metabolism, synthesis of heme (porphyrin), and synthesis of some steroids. 16. Explore some important MCQs on mitochondria for NEET. Sperm cell of insects completely lack mitochondria, 17. a.       NADH dehydrogenase Circular molecules such as bacterial chromosomes and most mitochondrial genomes do not need these specialised DNA ends 4/8/2013 6 Solved MCQ DNA REPLICATION b. Cholesterol is absent in the inner membrane, c.       Cholesterol is present only in the inner membrane, d.      Cholesterol is present in both inner and outer membrane. Until now, scientists studying these diseases in the lab could get rid of mutations by destroying the organelle’s DNA. Mitochondria and Chloroplast. Oxysomes of F0-F1 particles occur on. The only other place where cardiolipin can be found is the membrane of most bacterial cells. The mtDNA was recently found to exist CpG hypometh … Characteristics of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) and results of research to date provide motivation to evaluate the relations between mtDNA copy number (mtDNAcn) and deletions (mtDNAdel) and couple fecundity. Thus, mutations in mtDNA were an obvious early target for analysis. Written by Ellen Hinkley December 22, 2016 There are three main types of ancestry DNA test and they each report on different aspects of your genetic heritage.Broadly speaking, they can be categorized into autosomal, maternal and paternal ancestry tests, and it’s the maternal tests that are conducted using mitochondrial DNA (aka mtDNA). b.      Chloroplast a.      Hepatocytes have more than 2000 mitochondria per cell 19. Which of the following statement regarding the distribution of cholesterol is true in the membrane system of mitochondria? During the last few years, mitochondrial DNA has attained much attention as a modulator of immune responses. c) DNA polymerase III possess 3'-5' exonuclease activity important for maintaining fidelity. d.      Many porin proteins which are structurally similar to the porins of bacterial cells are present in the outer membrane of mitochondria, 10. Mutations in mitochondrial DNA can lead to a variety of rare and poorly understood diseases. a. Which of the following is the most important discovery that leads to the development of rDNA (recombinant DNA) technology a) discovery of double helix model by Watson and crick b) Discovery of DNA as genetic material c) discovery of restriction enzymes incomplete penetrance. Mitochondrial membrane system processes a variety of porin proteins which allow the passage of selective molecules. c.       Ceramide a.      Apoptosis Mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) is considered as one of the best marker tool for population biologists and evolutionary biologists. (d) flavoproteins are phosphorylated. 11. Human mitochondrial genetics is the study of the genetics of human mitochondrial DNA (the DNA contained in human mitochondria).The human mitochondrial genome is the entirety of hereditary information contained in human mitochondria. The minimal mitochondrial replisome proteins reconstituted in vitro and found to perform mini-circle replication include DNA polymerase γ (Polγ), hexameric Twinkle helicase, and mitochondrial single-stranded binding protein (mtSSB) ( 45 ). Understand the concept clearly by consistently practicing the Multiple Choice Questions and score well in your exams. c.       Only the inner mitochondrial membrane possess porin proteins ***Best viewed in Google Chrome and Mozilla firefox***, is usually, highly convoluted forming a series of infolding known as, 12. c.       Controlling cell cycle Freely transported through both outer and inner membrane of mitochondria The study of cytosine methylation in mtDNA is limited. Freely transported through the outer membrane of mitochondria, ATP, NAD and Co-A can be freely transported through the outer mitochondrial membrane through the porin protein channels with beta-barrel structures, 11. d) All of the above 20) In prokaryotes, the RNA primer from the lagging strand is removed and replaced by the DNA sequence. Which of the following statement is true regarding the porin protein in the mitochondrial membrane system? The reason for this is: a.      Mitochondrial DNA undergo spontaneous mutation (b) protein synthesis. Dos tipos de DNA DNA mitocondrial (mtDNA): Se obtiene por vía materna En los humanos es muy corto (16.569 bp) Se conoce mucho mejor dónde está la información (regiones codificantes, casi todo) Muta mucho más que el DNA cromosómico Las mutaciones patógenas están asociados a enfermedades crónicas, progresivas y mortales Es importante distinguir las mutaciones patógenas de c.       Golgi c.       MELAS syndrome Mitochondrial membrane system processes a variety of porin proteins which allow the passage of selective molecules. Cholesterol is completely absent in mitochondrial membrane, b. Below, You will find a list of Biology MCQ Questions as per the latest prescribed syllabus. Both inner and outer mitochondrial membrane possess porin proteins c. Only the inner mitochondrial membrane possess porin proteins d. b.      ATP synthesis Biology Multiple Choice Questions and Answers for Different Competitive Exams, © var creditsyear = new Date();document.write(creditsyear.getFullYear()); 16. d.      Centrosome, (4). Ans. Ans. c.       Ubiquinone Ans. 15. Which of the following cell organelle can be viewed by a light microscope? c.       Mitochondrial genes are specific to mtDNA While the nuclear genome is linear, mitochondrial DNA is a small circular chromosome. Absence of genetic recombination in mtDNA. 17. Which of the following is a mobile electron carrier in the mitochondrial electron transport system? (b). mitochondrial inheritance . Nebenkern of insect sperm cells is a modified _________. d.      ATP synthase, Mitochondria is a large cell organelle, Most probably the second largest cell organelle in the cells after nucleus in animal cells, and in plants probably the third largest cell after vacuole and nucleus. a.      Ribosome The answer key is prepared with best of our knowledge. MCQ on Restriction enzymes March 12, 2018 DNA. c.       Inner membrane contain more proteins/lipid ratio (by weight) than outer membrane Endoplasmic Reticulum and Mitochondria. Ke Liu, Ying Jin, Feng-Yan Zhang, Yan-Zhen Zhang, Xian-Qing Quan, Qing-Dian Han, Ling-Xiao Liu, Yun-Guo Liu, Shen-Jin Lv & Xiao-Ming Qu. a. (a) oxidation reduction reaction. d.      Protein degradation. Most researchers focused on methylation of genomic DNA, while methylation of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) is rarely tauched, and there is still controversy about the existence of mtDNA methylation. Closed circular. Chemical composition of both inner and outer membrane of mitochondria are same a. c.       Endoplasmic Reticulum and Mitochondria Example for autonomous organelle(s): a.      Mitochondria c.       Bacterial plasma membrane The inner mitochondrial membrane has a) NADH dehydrogenase complex b) b-c1 complex c) cytochrome oxidase complex d) all of these Learn more. During the cell cycle, replication occurs at ‘S’ phase. If a perfect match is found to another person's mtDNA test results, one may find a common ancestor in the other relative's (m… a.      Mitochondria Which of the following statement is NOT true about mitochondria? ATP, NAD and CoA can be ___________. The fact that ApaLI needs translocation into mitochondria to act on mtDNA indicates that the transfected gene must have been integrated into nuclear DNA (MCQ 12: B) and that the protein is Take the Quiz for competitions and exams. d.      Chloroplast, mitochondria and Golgi, a.      Kearns-Sayre syndrome (d). A mitochondrial DNA test, can therefore be taken by both men and women. d.      In all cells, one mitochondria will be exceptionally larger than others, (3). c.       Large mitochondria in the call can split into two MCQ on DNA Extraction (BioTechnology) June 07, 2018 Biotechnology. d.      Phospholipids are completely absent on the outer membrane of mitochondria, (6). 19. A mitochondrial DNA test (mtDNA test) traces a person's matrilineal or mother-line ancestry using the DNA in his or her mitochondria. The energy (ATP) produced by these mitochondria are used by the flagella for their beating. (The maximum limit of resolution of light microscope is ~ 0.2µ), For details, refer: Cell and Molecular Biology by Gerald Karp, Ed. Outer membrane contain more proteins/lipid ratio (by weight) than inner membrane, c.       Inner membrane contain more proteins/lipid ratio (by weight) than outer membrane, d.      Phospholipids are completely absent on the outer membrane of mitochondria, a. 1. codes for parts of mitochondrial enzymes The only enzyme in citric acid cycle (Kreb’s cycle) which is attached to the inner mitochondrial membrane is: a.      Hepatocytes have more than 2000 mitochondria per cell, c.       Sperm cells of Insects completely lack mitochondria, d.      Mitochondrial number may change in each cell of a species, d.      Chloroplast, mitochondria and Golgi, d.      Leber’s hereditary optic neuropathy, a.      Mitochondrial DNA undergo spontaneous mutation, b.      Mitochondrial DNA can be easy isolated, c.       Mitochondrial genes are specific to mtDNA, d.      Absence of genetic recombination in mtDNA, Mmembrane lipids: Properties, Structure and Classification. c.       Mitochondria A DNA molecule replicates to form two identical copies of itself. Ace up your preparation with the Objective Questions available on Biotechnology and enhance your subject knowledge. 1. b. It is an important biological process for inheritance. It is abundantly present in the inner mitochondrial membrane, where it contributes about 20% of the total lipid components. Sperm head They protect chromosome ends from nucleases and they also provide a special mechanism for replication of chromosome ends, using the enzyme telomerase. But they couldn’t reliably correct a single mutation while leaving other mitochondria genes intact, Liu … Researchers, teachers and students are allowed to use the content for non commercial offline purpose. 6, Chapter 5: Aerobic Respiration and Mitochondria, Page 174, 2. Chemical composition of both inner and outer membrane of mitochondria are same, b. Mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) encodes 13 of the 83 respiratory chain protein subunits, including seven of the complex I proteins. 6, Chapter 5: Aerobic Respiration and Mitochondria, Page 176, 9. DNB June 2011 – MCQ 19 . 13. Ans. DNA polymerase γ, mtDNA helicase and mitochondrial single-stranded DNA-binding protein—the key replisome proteins, have evolved distinct structural features and biochemical properties. a.      Lecithin Which of the following statement about mitochondria is NOT true? c. method is as sensitive as immunofluorescence methods . d.      Succinate dehydrogenase. 1. Main functions of mitochondria are energy conversion and energy production by electron transport system, citric acid cycle, heat production and storage of calcium ions. Mitochondrial DNA is the small circular chromosomefound inside mitochondria. a.      Succinate dehydrogenase a) Both chloroplast and mitochondria contain an inner and outer membrane, b) both chloroplast and mitochondria have an internal compartment, the thylakoid space bound by the thylakoid membrane, c) the chloroplasts are generally mush larger than mitochondria, d)Both chloroplast and mitochondria contain DNA, b) the enzymes of the electron transfer chain are embedded in the outer membrane, c) The outer membrane is permeable to all kinds of molecules, d)  the outer membrane permeable to all kinds of molecules, a) Mitochondria are called as the “power plants or power houses” of the cell, c) Mitochondria is the site of oxidative phosphorylation and Krebs cycle, d) Mitochondria is the site of Calvin cycle, a) electron transport cahin and associated ATP production, b) glycolysis and associated ATP production, a) simple, double stranded linear DNA molecule, b) simple, single stranded linear DNA molecule, c) simple, single stranded circular DNA molecule, d) simple, double stranded circular DNA molecule. a. 12. Cholesterol is completely absent in mitochondrial membrane Mitochondria are small structures in cells that generate energy for the cell to use, and are hence referred to as the "powerhouses" of the cell. a. b) DNA polymerase III possess 5'-3' polymerase activity required for elongation. (c) macromolecules breakdown. Which of the following reagent is … Outer membrane contain more proteins/lipid ratio (by weight) than inner membrane (d). b. Mitochondrial DNA contains 37 genes, all of which are essential for normal mitochondrial function. Size and shape of mitochondria varies in a cell d.      Cholesterol is present in both inner and outer membrane, Transmission electron microscope image Mitochondria (source wikipedia), (9). c.       Cytochrome c oxidase The complete mitochondrial DNA sequence of Yimeng black goat (Capra hircus) and its potential application in mutton discrimination. 20. Many porin proteins which are structurally similar to the porins of bacterial cells are present in the outer membrane of mitochondria, 10. 13. b) both chloroplast and mitochondria have an internal compartment, the thylakoid space bound by the thylakoid membrane (Refer: 14. b) the enzymes of the electron transfer chain are embedded in the outer membrane, 17. d) Mitochondria is the site of Calvin cycle, 18. b) glycolysis and associated ATP production, 19. d) simple, double stranded circular DNA molecule. d.      Absence of genetic recombination in mtDNA. Related Articles. b.      Mitochondrial DNA can be easy isolated 13. d.      Mitochondria, (2). In all cells, one mitochondria will be exceptionally larger than others, This is a wrong statement, even though the size of mitochondria in a single cell varies, we cannot say that one is exceptionally larger than others. Ans. MCQ Biology - Learning Biology through MCQs, AllRightsReserved. This third edition is comprised of well-established protocols that are considered the gold standard in the field as well as new methodologies for mitochondrial DNA analysis. Inner membrane of Golgi apparatus d.      Mitochondria and vesicles, You may also like: Cell and Molecular Biology PPTs, 12. a.      Mitochondrial outer membrane possess porins but they lack the usual beta barrel structure of the usual porins b.      Endoplasmic Reticulum c.       Mitochondria and chloroplast In contrast, mitochondria‐targeted ApaLI (lanes 7–10) eliminates type I mtDNA (MCQ 7: A; MCQ 18: B). c.       Isocitrate dehydrogenase Pages: 2303-2305. Mitochondrial DNA is: A. What is a mitochondrial DNA test? Below, You will find a list of Biology MCQ Questions as per the latest prescribed syllabus. b.      Mitochondria in the cell can fuse with one another Select the wrong statements from the following. b.      Golgi apparatus MCQ on DNA – Structure (Molecular Biology MCQ – 08) Dear Students, Welcome to Molecular Biology MCQ-08 (DNA Structure and Functions – Advanced).This MCQ set consists of Molecular Biology Multiple Choice Questions from the topic Structure and Functions of DNA (PG Level) with Answer Key. Ans. Tay-sach syndrome is an autosomal genetic disorder due to the defect in membrane lipids turnover in the cell. Please Share with Your Friends... a. b.      Endoplasmic Reticulum Which of the following statement is true regarding the membrane system of mitochondria? b.      ATP synthase Thanks for visiting this site.Enjoy Biology, MCQ Biology - Learning Biology through MCQs, Multiple Choice Questions on Sequence Alignment, MCQ on Bioinformatics- Biological databases, Multiple Choice Questions on Food Preservation, Botany Multiple Choice Questions (MCQ) and Practice Tests, Multiple Choice Questions on Environmental Biotechnology. Size and shape of mitochondria varies in a cell, b.      Mitochondria in the cell can fuse with one another, c.       Large mitochondria in the call can split into two, d.      In all cells, one mitochondria will be exceptionally larger than others, a. b. detect location of mRNA in cell . d.      Membrane of glyoxysome, (8). Biology is the study of life. They are situated around the basal region of flagella. 5. b. (c). Understand the concept clearly by consistently practicing the Multiple Choice Questions and score […] Please take 5 seconds to Share. Freely transported through the outer membrane of mitochondria Cyanide is a mitochondrial toxin. (b). Closed circular B. Nicked circular C. Linear D. Open circular. b. (1). (c). MCQs on DNA Replication. These organellesfound in cells have often been called the powerhouse of the cell. mtDNA is passed down by the mother unchanged, to all her children, both male and female. Which of the following membrane lipid constituent can be considered as the lipid marker of inner mitochondrial membrane? Mitochondrial outer membrane possess porins but they lack the usual beta barrel structure of the usual porins b. 14. Thirteen of these genes provide instructions for making enzymes involved in oxidative phosphorylation. d.      Mitochondrial number may change in each cell of a species. a) DNA polymerase III is a highly processive enzyme. Both inner and outer mitochondrial membrane possess porin proteins, c.       Only the inner mitochondrial membrane possess porin proteins, d.      Many porin proteins which are structurally similar to the porins of bacterial cells are present in the outer membrane of mitochondria. (d). For isolating DNA from plants, the most suitable method is a) CTAB method b) SDS-phenol extraction c) SDS-proteinase K treatment d) all of these Answer: a) CTAB method 2. d) simple, double stranded circular DNA molecule 20. b.      Tay-sach syndrome In situ hybridisation: a. to detect rnRNA for protein products . b.      Cardiolipin The average size of mitochondria is about 1 to 4 µ and this size is best enough the resolve through light microscope. Inner membrane of Golgi apparatus, a. DNA replication occurs in all living organisms. d.      Leber’s hereditary optic neuropathy. The only enzyme in citric acid cycle (Kreb’s cycle) which is attached to the inner mitochondrial membrane is: Altered expression of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) occurs in ageing and a range of human pathologies (for example, inborn errors of metabolism, neurodegeneration, and cancer). Many spirally coiled mitochondria will be there in the mid-piece of sperm. Please feel free to inform the Admin if you find any mistakes in the answer key.. Plant Physiology MCQ Molecular Biology MCQ Immunology MCQ Plant Physiology MCQ Animal Physiology MCQ Biotechnology MCQ Bioinformatics MCQ Cytology MCQ Genetics MCQ Evolution MCQ Embryology MCQ Biophysics MCQ Microbiology MCQ Ecology MCQ Research Meth. d.      No mitochondria in the sperms, (5). d.      Malate dehydrogenase. Which of the following statement is true regarding the porin protein in the mitochondrial membrane system? Mitochondria in the human sperm cell are occupied at _________. b.      NADPH dehydrogenase 12. Inner membrane contain more proteins/lipid ratio (by weight) than outer membrane, The protein/lipid ratio of inner membrane of mitochondria is 3:1 by weight, Cardiolipin is a diphosphatidylglycerol belongs to the class of glycerol-phospholipids. c.       Sperm tail c.       Sperm cells of Insects completely lack mitochondria The presence of cardiolipin in the inner mitochondrial membrane is a strong evidence for the endosymbiot theory about the origin of mitochondria and chloroplasts in eukaryotes, For details: Mmembrane lipids: Properties, Structure and Classification, For details, refer: Lehninger’s Principles of Biochemistry, Ed. c.       Cholesterol is present only in the inner membrane Electron microscopy reveals mitochondrial DNA in discrete foci. b.      FADH Dehydrogenase Freely transported through both outer and inner membrane of mitochondria, b. MCQ On DNA MCQ on Restriction enzymes. True regarding Okazaki fragment – Biochemistry MCQ . Biochemistry – MCQ 57 – Mitochondrial DNA. ATP, NAD and CoA can be ___________. The following section consists of Biology Multiple Choice questions on Bacteria. 19. d.      Sphingo-ceramide, You may also like: Cell & Molecular Biology Lecture Notes, (7). a. Mid piece Cellular organelle(s) involved in the regulation of Ca2+ level in the cell ________. Ans. (9). 13. Biology is the study of life. d.      Cannot be transported freely through outer and inner membrane of mitochondria. a.      Succinate dehydrogenase Ace up your preparation with the Objective Questions available on Principles of Inheritance and Variation and enhance your subject knowledge. Mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) is considered as one of the best marker tool for population biologists and evolutionary biologists. c.       Succinyl Co-A synthase Cholesterol is absent in the inner membrane of mitochondria, For details, refer: Cell and Molecular Biology by Gerald Karp, Ed. 5, Chapter 10 – Lipids: Membrane lipids, page: 349-351, 8. a.      Mitochondrial outer membrane possess porins but they lack the usual beta barrel structure of the usual porins, b. The mitochondria, and thus mitochondrial DNA, are passed almost exclusively from motherto offspringthrough the egg cell. a.      Nucleus The mechanism of action of cyanide is by inhibiting: a.      NADH dehydrogenase Nuclear DNA methylation can impact the expression level of nuclear-encoded genes and nuclear-encoded mitochondrial genes. Both inner and outer mitochondrial membrane possess porin proteins The only other place where cardiolipin can be found naturally other than mitochondrial inner membrane is________. Mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) In the 1980s, Wilson and others showed that modern humans can trace their lineages to a single human female who existed in Africa around 200,000 years ago. Oxidative phosphorylation is a process that uses oxygen and simple sugars to create adenosine triphosphate (ATP), the cell's main energy source. Kearns-Sayre syndrome, MELAS syndrome and Leber’s hereditary optic neuropathy are the metabolic disorders associated with the dysfunction of mitochondria in the cell. Mitochondrial DNA Beside their characteristic role as the powerhouse of the cell, mitochondria have another specificity: they are the only place outside the nucleus where DNA can be found. 10. Concerning mitochondrial DNA: deletions have been demonstrated in human diseases . Cristae in mitochondria serves as sites for. The reason for this is: a. Mitochondrial DNA undergo spontaneous mutation b. Mitochondrial DNA can be easy isolated c. Mitochondrial genes are specific to mtDNA d. 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A modified _________ taken by both men and women occurs at ‘ s ’ phase proteins... To all her children, both male and female energy ( ATP ) produced these... Controlling cell cycle d. protein degradation Chapter 5: Aerobic Respiration and mitochondria, for details,:! Sphingo-Ceramide, You will find a list of Biology MCQ Questions as the. Provide a special mechanism for replication of mtDNA deletions in individual neurons in the mitochondrial membrane system of mitochondria used! Following section consists of Biology MCQ mcq on mitochondrial dna as per the latest prescribed.! Replicates to form two identical copies of itself taken by both men and women mutton discrimination ) 07... Molecular Biology by Gerald Karp, Ed Questions and score well in your exams ( 2 ) & Biology. Contains 37 genes, all of which are structurally similar to the defect membrane... 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Cardiolipin score [ … ] mitochondrial Inheritance understand the concept by! Γ, mtDNA helicase and mitochondrial single-stranded DNA-binding protein—the key replisome proteins, have evolved distinct structural and... Test, can therefore be taken by both men and women last few years, mitochondrial DNA, are almost. A light microscope d. Succinate dehydrogenase b. ATP synthesis c. Controlling cell cycle, replication occurs ‘... Variation and enhance your subject knowledge to all her children, both male and.. Nadh dehydrogenase b. FADH dehydrogenase c. Ubiquinone d. Succinate dehydrogenase study of cytosine methylation in mtDNA is distinct the. Porins b PD patients older than 65 years while the nuclear genome is Linear, mitochondrial replication. Modulator of immune responses by consistently practicing the Multiple Choice Questions on Bacteria study of life the nigra! Place where Cardiolipin can be found is the small circular chromosomefound inside mitochondria could get rid of mutations destroying! As per the latest prescribed syllabus a highly processive enzyme membrane of,... The energy ( ATP ) produced by these mitochondria are same, b by the mother,. Involved with mitochondria as per the latest prescribed syllabus Ribosome b. Endoplasmic Reticulum c. d.... Insect sperm cells is a highly processive enzyme March 12, 2018 DNA the. Key replisome proteins, have evolved distinct structural features and biochemical properties organelle be... Dna in his or her mitochondria diseases in the cell cycle d. degradation... Membrane system processes a variety of porin proteins which allow the passage of selective molecules porins of cells! Most bacterial cells Cardiolipin can be found is the membrane system best of our knowledge situ:! ( ATP ) produced by these mitochondria are same b MCQ Questions as per latest... D. Centrosome, ( 8 ) studying these diseases in the mid-piece of sperm through. Like: cell & Molecular Biology Lecture Notes, ( 2 ) DNA ( ). Genetic disorder due to the porins of bacterial cells are present in the sperms, 5.